Thursday 7 July 2011

PLANT and ANIMAL TOXIN

PLANT AND ANIMAL TOXIN.. tooot tooot. toooot..


TOXIN
 is a poisonous substance or chemical substance produced within a living cell or organism that can cause harmful effects on another living thing like US humans.





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PLANT TOXIN

                     - Plants contain a large number of biologically active chemicals.  Some of these have been found to be extremely useful for treating various human and animal diseases (e.g. digitoxin, colchicines and atropine).  However, some plant constituents produce adverse health effects following exposure.  The onset of these adverse effects can be quite sudden or take some time to develop.

(Example:)
         
POISON IVY
Kingdom: Plantae (plants) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifSubkingdom: Tracheobionta (vascular plants) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifSuperdivision: Spermatophyta (seed plants) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifDivision: Magnoliophyta (flowering plants) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifClass: Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifSubclass: Rosidae 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifOrder: Sapindales 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifFamily: Anacardiaceae (Sumac family) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifGenus: Toxicodendron (poison oak) 
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifSpecies: 
Toxicodendron radicans
http://www.kingdomplantae.net/spacer.gifPoison Ivy


            -if I were asked to give a plant toxin poison ivy word be first one that would pop-out of my mouth, with that I’m guessing this is the most widely known plant toxin (ha ha). The leaves, stems, and roots of poison ivy contain a resin called URUSHIOL (is the active ingredient in Poison Ivy that causes the rash and irritation). An exposure to this plant would cause an extremely irritating allergic reaction that the doctors usually call it CONTACT DERMATITIS or RHUS DERMATITIS.

DESTROYING ANGEL

-
 is one of the most poisonous of all known poisonous mushrooms; its principal toxic constituent contain the ibotenic acid and muscimol damages the liver and kidneys, often fatally.



BUTTERCUP (RANUNCULUS SPECIES)
        -the active ingredient for this plant toxin is GLYCOSIDE (are toxins in which at least one sugar molecule is linked with oxygen to another compound, often nitrogen-based. They become harmful when the sugar molecule is stripped off, as in the process of digestion) that could cause severe irritation.

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                                                                             ANIMAL TOXIN            
       -well basically there are two kinds of animal can produce toxin which are; venomous or poisonous. VENOMOUS animal is caple of producing a toxin a highly developed secretory gland or a group of cells and can deliver toxin by biting or stinging with that an example of this would be;

 STONEFISH

        -This fish store toxin in their gruesome-looking spines that are designed to protect themselves from a predator. This homely creature will definitely win no beauty prize, but deserves honor and respect for being "THE WORLD’S MOST VENOMOUS FISH."

Another example wound be INLAND TAIPAN
        -this snake is considered to be the MOST VENOMOUS land SNAKE in the world. They are also known as small scaled snake and fierce snake. The venom of this is primarily neurotoxic, so bites result in overwhelming effects on the nervous system. This may include in rapid respiratory paralysis, and death.

And another good example of this is BOX JELLYFISH
        -"Box jellyfish" or "sea wasp" is also a common name for the notoriously dangerous Chironex fleckeri. The ambiguous but commonly used terms "sea wasp" and "marine stinger" are sometimes used to refer to the more venomous species of box jellyfish. This animal is considered to be the MOST VENOMOUS ANIMAL in the world.
 

Ok, enough with the examples let’s finish this topic…J next kind of animal toxic would be the POISONOUS animal these animal contains tissues that are in whole part or part toxic and there’s no mechanism to deliver the poison meaning the poisoning takes place by ingesting the animal material particularly the tissue containing the poison. The toxin may be a by-product or a product of metabolism or a chemical that is passed along the food chain. (ex. BARRACUDA, SNAPPER etc.)
        Well to make it easier to understand it’s just like: those who eat “BIG FISH” that eats “SMALLER TOXIC FISH” and other MARINE ORGANISM that are toxic such as dinoflagellates will become ill.:)

so much for the plant and animal toxins.:)

     




Monday 13 June 2011

A SHORT POEM..






ANTERIOR  PITUITARY  GLAND



Anterior pituitary gland can do many things
even with a size of a pea
Its presence is highly important in which
Well maybe because you’re not as famous
Cause inside the brain you’re not that obvious







A lot don’t know that you’re regulated
by hypothalamus
In fact even I at first wasn’t conscious
Your function is remarkably incomparable
Life without you is unimaginable






You secrete hormones with different function
Wherein all other endocrine glands depend on for stimulation
ACTH, LH, FSH, GH, TSH are as important
And each of them has tasks that are
equally significant

OVER secretion and UNDER secretion is insidious
Cause it could lead to a serious illness that
others are oblivious
Master gland, you truly are
Without you my life wouldn’t go this far



I thank God for the gift of life
And since you are part of that gift I just
can’t help but smile
It’s you who made me grew this big or
should I say small
Well it doesn’t matter let’s just thank GOD
who’s responsible for all
  

Monday 16 May 2011

ENDOCRINOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY, DRUG TESTING

this is my FIRST BLOG here.:))

This blog aims to give a brief overview of the three major topics included in CC3 which are Endocrinology, Toxicology and Drug Testing.

Endocrinology in its general sense would mean a study of endocrine system. This topic deals with specific secretion of several glands found in various part of the human body. In endocrinology we will be tackling about the importance and function of hormones together with the physiologic and pathophysiologic endocrine disorders in line with this are the normal values principles of clinical diagnosis and treatment. The laboratory tests methods and procedures will be discussed during laboratory.

Toxicology is a broad topic that deals with the study of the interaction of chemical substance with living system and/or the study of any substance that causes harmful effect which are known as poisons. It is included as part of the course subject CC3 mainly because the procedures and methods that are used to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the toxins in our body are best suited into this field of practice in medical technology. This topic deals with the routes and exposure to toxins, dose-response relation and the different chemical agents that we regularly encounter even those that are not daily encountered and so as to the exposure to drug abuse and a lot more. We will also be learning about the normal values, clinical significance, effects of toxin and disorders associated with each chemical/harmful substance.

Drug testing is the technical analysis of chemical substance present in human body. Here we will be learning the different methods and procedures in identifying the presence of a specific toxin or drug abuse substance in line with this are the clinical and medical significance. The topic will also include the different specimen samples necessary for a specific test and the importance of doing the drug testing.


I would like to end my first blog by reintroducing to my fellow students the CC-man which I believe will become the central information giver because it summarizes almost everything that can be learned from CC in general. The CC-man comprise of the; head wherein the most common specimen to be used are found; next are the upper left and right limbs wherein the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors are found; the body will tell you about the procedures and methods for a specific test; and lastly the lower left and right limbs wherein information about the normal values and clinical/medical significance are found. Making a CC-man can help us students to easily familiarize us with the important information needed to pass CC. J
CC-man is the MAN.^^